Criterion-related validity is established by comparing a measurement to either a gold standard measurement at approx the same time or data obtained by different forms of testing.

Criterion-related validity is established by comparing a measurement to either a gold standard measurement at approx the same time or data obtained by different forms of testing.

• A. Content validity
• B. Criterion-related validity
• C. Construct validity
• D. Face validity

Answer: (B)

Criterion-related validity is established when a new measurement is shown to align with an external criterion that is already accepted as valid. This alignment can happen by comparing the new measure to a gold standard at roughly the same time (concurrent validity) or by comparing it to another form of testing that measures the same construct (alternate-form or convergent validity). This approach demonstrates how well the instrument works in practice by linking its scores to an established reference. In contrast, content validity checks whether the test items adequately cover the domain of interest, construct validity asks whether the test truly measures the intended construct (often through relationships with related measures and factor structure), and face validity is about whether the test superficially appears to measure what it’s supposed to—neither of these inherently demonstrates agreement with an external criterion.

Criterion-related validity is established when a new measurement is shown to align with an external criterion that is already accepted as valid. This alignment can happen by comparing the new measure to a gold standard at roughly the same time (concurrent validity) or by comparing it to another form of testing that measures the same construct (alternate-form or convergent validity). This approach demonstrates how well the instrument works in practice by linking its scores to an established reference. In contrast, content validity checks whether the test items adequately cover the domain of interest, construct validity asks whether the test truly measures the intended construct (often through relationships with related measures and factor structure), and face validity is about whether the test superficially appears to measure what it’s supposed to—neither of these inherently demonstrates agreement with an external criterion.